Which of the following is an effective way to measure wildlife populations?

Monitoring tracks and sightings is an effective way to measure wildlife populations because it provides direct visual evidence of animal presence and activity. By observing tracks, hunters and wildlife managers can assess the frequency of animal movement in a particular area and gather data on the types of species that are present. This method allows for insight into population distribution, behavioral patterns, and can indicate changes in the population over time due to various factors such as habitat conditions or human activity.

This approach can often be supplemented with other methods, like camera traps or actual wildlife census techniques, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of population dynamics. In contrast to counting hunters, which does not directly correlate to wildlife populations, estimating populations based on harvested animals doesn't account for animals that were not successfully hunted. Additionally, assessing habitat changes may provide contextual information but does not offer direct measurement of wildlife numbers.